Psychology · 2-4 hour deep-dive sessions

Causal Layered Analysis (CLA)

A theory and method of futures research used to deconstruct problems by analyzing them across four levels of reality. It seeks to uncover the deep-seated cultural narratives and metaphors that sustain current systemic issues.

When to use Causal Layered Analysis (CLA)

When surface-level solutions (the 'Litany') have failed to solve recurring problems or when trying to shift the culture of a learning environment.

How Causal Layered Analysis (CLA) works

Can be used as a powerful diagnostic tool during the discovery phase of instructional design to identify the 'hidden' barriers to learning or organizational change.

Phases of Causal Layered Analysis (CLA)

  1. The Litany: The surface level: quantitative trends, headlines and commonly stated problems, usually taken for granted. Participants list how the issue is typically described in the media and daily conversation.
  2. Social Causes: The systemic level: economic, political, technological and historical causes behind the litany. Participants analyze drivers and structures, the level at which experts and policy usually operate.
  3. Discourse/Worldview: The deeper structures and worldviews that legitimize and frame the issue. Participants examine which assumptions, ideologies and ways of knowing make the systemic causes seem natural, and how other stakeholders see it.
  4. Metaphor/Myth: The deep stories, archetypes and emotional images underneath the worldview. Participants name the current metaphor, then craft an alternative one and work back up the layers to reshape worldview, systems and litany.

Key principles

  • Reality is layered and multi-dimensional
  • The 'Litany' level is the most visible but least effective for change
  • True transformation occurs at the Metaphor/Myth level
  • Horizontal and vertical analysis must be integrated

Best for

  • Root Cause Analysis
  • Critical Thinking
  • Cultural Transformation

Considerations

  • The 'Metaphor/Myth' layer can be abstract and requires skilled facilitation to keep grounded
  • Participants may feel vulnerable when their core worldviews are analyzed

Attribution & sources

Developed by Sohail Inayatullah

Primary source

Design a session with Causal Layered Analysis (CLA)

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